Background: In contrast with Western medicine currently offers no approved pharmacotherapy for the selection of cachexia, in Japanese multi-component extract medicinal plants used by the national health insurance coverage. called “Kampo” This drug is an example of the modern concept of therapeutic multi-component / multi-target.
During the three traditional preparation Hochuekkito (), Juzentaihoto (), and Rikkunshito (), a lot of clinical research data associated with cachexia have been published. This preparation is also referred to as “Hozai” (). A similar concept is found in herbal medicine Russia, where the term “adaptogen” was created for active pharmacological substances which enhance the adaptive stress break.
Methods: The literature-including the original Japanese Scientific-reviewed articles on the effects of medicinal plants in cachexia. Cachexia is a complex set of symptoms including muscle wasting with loss of weight, fatigue, and weakness.
Results: In a study in 1985 by Kuroda et al, Hochuekkito shown success in weight loss forced and fatigue in 63% of the 16 2 patients with. genitourinary cancer. For cancer-related fatigue, a significant increase was reported within 2 weeks by Jeong et al. in 2010. In patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, Hochuekkito showed an overall increase by 8-12 weeks of therapy in a study of 1997 by Kuratsune et al. In a randomized trial of placebo-2005 by Satoh et al. in 13 patients in the geriatric Q1 16 -week treatment protocol, Hochuekkito showed significant improvement of general health, physical functioning and Profile Mood States (POMS).
In 71 patients with COPD geriatrics in 2009 randomized placebo-controlled study, Tatsumi et al. found a significant increase weight and CRP, TNF-α, IL -6 decline of more than 6 months of therapy. To Juzentaihoto in 48 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, Tsuchiya et al. 2008 documented a significantly longer relapse-free survival (49 vs 24 months) compared with the control group (p = 0.023). For simpler Rikkunshito recipe, a 2011 retrospective study by Fujitsuka et al. 39 Stage III / IV pancreatic cancer patients treated with Gemcitabine (n = 33) or Gemcitabine / Rikkunshito (n = 6) showed the average life was significantly prolonged with 224 vs. 378.5 days (p <0.05).
Phytotherapy for Cachexia: Where Do We Stand?
In a clinical study in 2011 open-label by Utumi et al. in geriatric cachexia in 6 patients with dementia, treatment with Rikkunshito for 4 weeks resulted in a significant increase in body weight. In all of the above, the standard dose of 3×2.5 g / d extract granules for insurance covered most of Kampo extract-Japanese health preparation is applied.
Conclusion: Because there are currently no acceptable choice of pharmacotherapy for cachexia is available in the West, East Asian recipes gold transfer this standard into the European market would be desirable. We are better able to demonstrate that mTOR, interleucin and melatonin pathway modified by herbal compounds and thereby counteract cachexia. Further research in this field is needed in order to provide new, effective treatment for patients with cachexia.
Keywords: Hozai; Kampo (traditional Japanese herbal medicine); adaptogen; cachexia; interleukin; Mechanistic targets of rapamycin; melatonin; Phytotherapy. The mean percentage of PS and BOP were statistically significantly reduced with both FMPD and PDT from baseline to 4 weeks (p <0.05). Although the average PD was significantly reduced in both groups at any point in time, there is a significantly higher reduction with PDT compared with FMPD at 2 weeks post-treatment (p <0.05). comparison between groups showed PDT showed significantly higher HI at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment (p <0.05).
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Rat Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Rat Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, cell culture supernates, tissue homogenates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, cell culture supernates, tissue homogenates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Interleukin-16 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 127 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 13.2 kDa. ;The Mouse IL-16 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 121 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 12.4 kDa. ;The IL-16 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-16 Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant Protein, (130 a.a.)
Description: Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 130 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 13.5 kDa. ;The IL-16 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-16 Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant Protein, His Tag
Description: Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain (502-631 a.a) containing 150 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15.5kDa. The IL-16 is fused to a 20 a.a His-Tag at N-Terminus.;The IL-16 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: IL-16 Antibody: IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Description: IL-16 Antibody: IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Description: IL-16 Antibody: IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Description: IL-16 Antibody: IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Human IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Mouse IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Bovine Interleukin 16 (IL16) in samples from serum, plasma or other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Bovine Interleukin 16 (IL16) in samples from serum, plasma or other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Chicken Interleukin 16 (IL16) in samples from serum, plasma or other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Chicken Interleukin 16 (IL16) in samples from serum, plasma or other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Interleukin 16 (IL16) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids.
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The mean log CFU / mL of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia showed statistically significantly higher reduction with PDT from FMPD (p <0.05) in both 2-and 4-week follow-up.
