Inflammatory cytokines, appetite-regulating hormones, and energy metabolism in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
by Stacey
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This study investigated the energy metabolism and its relationship with inflammatory cytokines and hormones that regulate appetite in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Subjects are inpatients scheduled to undergo intervention therapies for gastrointestinal cancers diagnosed. The nutritional status on admission assessed based on anthropometric measurements, nutritional screening results, levels of dietary intake (energy intake / energy provided in hospital food), and the results of biochemical tests. Fat-free mass (FFM) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient were measured by indirect calorimetry, and basal energy expenditure (BEE) is calculated using the Harris-Benedict equation.
A total of 51 patients with gastrointestinal cancer were enrolled (17 with esophageal cancer, 15 with gastric cancer, and 19 with colorectal cancer); 16 had stage I disease, 11 had stage II, 13 had stage III and 11 stage IV had. Levels of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin ( IL ) – 6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α increased significantly with the development stage of the cancer (P <0.001; Jonckheere-Terpstra trend test ). REE / weight and REE / FFM tended to increase with the development stage of the cancer (P = 0.064 and P = 0.053, respectively; Jonckheere-Terpstra trend test). FFM showed a significant negative correlation with TNF-α levels (P = 0.008; Spearman correlation coefficient).
Also, the rate of food intake showed a significant negative correlation with the level of IL -6 and TNF-α (P <0.001). Active ghrelin levels were positively correlated with that of IL -6 and energy metabolism (P = 0.004 and 0.0 16 , respectively) and negatively correlated with the level of food intake ( P = 0.035), indicating the resistance state of ghrelin. In conclusion, this study confirms that the increase levels of inflammatory cytokines in the development of gastrointestinal cancer and suggest possible increase in association with a decrease in FFM and improve energy metabolism. However, the increase failed to offset the active ghrelin levels in patients with cancer cachexia.
Inflammatory cytokines, appetite-regulating hormones, and energy metabolism in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Whole-blood mRNA expression and glucocorticoid-related inflammasome- completely separate patient-treatment-resistant depressed patients drug free and responsive in the study BIODEP MRNA expression signature associated with the ‘pro-inflammatory’ phenotype depression, and signatures associated differential subtype of depression and antidepressant effects, is still unknown. We studied 130 patients with depression (58 treatment-resistant, 36 antidepressant-responsive and 36 at this time is not treated) and 40 healthy controls from studies BIODEP, and use whole blood mRNA qPCR to measure the expression of 16 candidate mRNA , some never measured before: interleukin ( IL ) – 1-beta, IL -6, TNF-alpha, macrophage inhibiting factor (MIF ), the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), SGK1, FKBP5, which P2RX7 receptor purinergic, CCL2, CXCL12, c-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), acquaporin-4 (AQP4), ISG15, STAT1 and USP -18. All genes but AQP4, ISG15 and USP-18 were differentially regulated.
Treatment-resistant and drug-free depressed patients have both increased activation of the inflammasome (P2RX7 higher and proinflammatory cytokines / chemokines mRNA expression) and resistance to glucocorticoids (lowering GR and higher expression of FKBP5 mRNA), whereas patients unresponsive have phenotypes medium, too , lower CXCL12.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, cell culture supernates, tissue homogenates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, cell culture supernates, tissue homogenates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Rat Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Rat Interleukin 16, IL-16 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Mouse Interleukin 16 (IL-16) in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Chicken Interleukin 16 (IL16) in samples from serum, plasma or other biological fluids.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Chicken Interleukin 16 (IL16) in samples from serum, plasma or other biological fluids.
Description: Interleukin-16 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 127 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 13.2 kDa. ;The Mouse IL-16 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: Interleukin 16 (IL-16) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has been characterized as a chemoattractant for certain immune cells expressing the cell surface molecule CD4, and it has effects on mixed lymphocyte reaction and inhibition of HIV viral replication. Chicken IL-16 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-16 produced in yeast.
Human Interleukin-16 (IL-16) Antibody (Biotin Conjugate)
Description: Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 121 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 12.4 kDa. ;The IL-16 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-16 Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant Protein, (130 a.a.)
Description: Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 130 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 13.5 kDa. ;The IL-16 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-16 Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant Protein, His Tag
Description: Interleukin-16 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain (502-631 a.a) containing 150 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15.5kDa. The IL-16 is fused to a 20 a.a His-Tag at N-Terminus.;The IL-16 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: IL-16 Antibody: IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Description: IL-16 Antibody: IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Description: IL-16 Antibody: IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Description: IL-16 Antibody: IL-16 was initially identified as a chemotactic cytokine, but is now known to possess a wide range of activities. Later studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes to the regulatory process of CD4+ T cell recruitment and activation at sites of inflammation in association with asthma and several autoimmune diseases. The precursor of IL-16 (pro-IL-16) is thought to be cleaved towards the C-terminal region by Caspase-3, releasing a 20 kDa active form that binds to and signals through CD4. Besides acting as a chemotactic cytokine, IL-16 is thought to also be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and multiple infectious, immune-mediated, and autoimmune inflammatory disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative disorders. At least two isoforms of IL-16 are known to exist; the longer isoform (also known as NIL-16) is detected only in neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Interleukin 16 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
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The most interesting, using a binomial logistic model we found that the signatures of six mRNA (P2RX7, IL -1-beta, IL -6, TNF-alpha, CXCL12 and GR ) is distinguished from the treatment-resistant patient is responsive, even after adjusting for other variables that differ between the groups, such as trait- and anxiety states, a history of child abuse and serum CRP.
